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NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Taking medications containing caffeine was tied to a doubled or even tripled risk of having a stroke in a new Korean study that might seem to contradict recent evidence suggesting coffee and tea exert protective effects.
But the results may in fact be in line with that research, according to the study authors, who point out that people who drank the least coffee were most at risk when taking caffeinated drugs.
The products included mostly over the counter pain relievers, cold medicines and alertness aids containing small amounts of caffeine.
"Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor, causing blood vessels to tighten and increasing the pressure of the blood flow," Nam-Kyong Choi of Seoul National University College of Medicine, who co-led the study, told Reuters Health in an email
That effect on blood pressure could explain the possible link to strokes, but the study didn't investigate the mechanism, Choi said.
The researchers selected 940 adult patients who had suffered a hemorrhagic stroke, wherein a blood vessel in the brain bursts and bleeds heavily.
They then compared those patients to a group of similar people who had not suffered a stroke but had been hospitalized, and to a third group who had neither suffered a stroke nor been hospitalized.
The team interviewed all the participants about all medications they had taken in the preceding two weeks.
They found that overall, those who had taken a medication containing caffeine were about two and a half times more likely to suffer a stroke, according to the results published in the journal Stroke.
Five percent of people who had had strokes had taken a caffeine medication, compared to 2.3 percent of the no-stroke groups.
But when the researchers factored in coffee consumption, the participants who took caffeine-containing medications but didn't drink coffee on a daily basis were closer to three times more likely to have strokes than people not taking the medications.
And those who drank plenty of coffee daily did not seem to be at any greater risk.
"Even though caffeine-containing medicines appear to increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, it doesn't appear to be the ?caffeine' dose," said Dr. Daniel Woo, associate professor of Neurology at the University of Cincinnati in Ohio, who was not involved in the study.
"Folks who drank 3 cups of coffee per day didn't seem to have a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke," said Woo, who is also an associate editor of the Journal for Stroke Research and Treatment.
Since the risk of stroke didn't go up in parallel to caffeine consumption, there was no "dose response relationship" and it's unlikely that caffeine causes strokes, according to Dr. Susanna Larsson, a nutritional epidemiologist who studies caffeine at the National Institute of Environmental Medicine at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden.
"Moderate consumption of coffee (1-3 cups/day), which is the main source of caffeine in most populations, has been associated with lower risk of all types of stroke," Larsson told Reuters Health by email.
One cup of coffee contains about 130 milligrams of caffeine, much higher than the 35 milligrams per day the study subjects got, on average, from caffeine meds.
Total daily caffeine intake from coffee, teas and sodas in the U.S. averages 250 to 300 milligrams daily per person, so an additional 35 milligrams from medications would be unlikely to have any effect, Larsson said.
Choi believes caffeine sources like coffee, tea and chocolate may contain other beneficial compounds that mitigate the effects of caffeine.
The new results might differ from the norm for two important reasons, Woo said: one, there's an inherent bias when doing recall studies with stroke patients, in that the study could only include those patients who still had the mental capacity to consent and answer questions, so the study group didn't represent stroke patients as a whole.
Two, in Korea cold remedies and other medications may still contain phenylpropanolamine, a chemical removed from medications in the U.S. in the early 2000s when a study linked it with an increased risk of stroke.
The patients may have been taking medicines with phenylpropanolamine, or ephedrine, which is common in cold remedies and raises blood pressure, which might have caused the strokes, Woo said.
Choi agreed that medications containing phenylpropanolamine and caffeine deserve extra caution.
SOURCE: http://bit.ly/13TBYZ4 Stroke, online June 6, 2013.
We got to see quite a bit of iOS 7 back at WWDC 2013, but we only saw it working on an iPhone. Well, we've got some good news for big screen Apple devs, as a new iOS 7 beta's been released OTA and it now works on the iPad. Of course, the new beta also brings the usual nebulous "bug fixes and improvements" for all devices, and among those improvements is the addition of the Voice Memos app and Siri's new voices in English as well. It's available now, so if you're in the beta, you best get to downloading!
With Google Reader ready to tap out, it seems like everyone is keen to throw their hat into the feed reader ring. The latest offering is from AOL and it's simple, fast and lacking any unique features?though that's not necessarily a bad thing.
Author: Brian Blogs | Total views: 106 Comments: 0 Word Count: 714 Date:
The home-based business has become extremely popular within the past few years, it is the online business industry. There are a lot of internet businesses flourishing nowadays but here are 6 of the most in-demand:
1. Online Retail Stores
Popularized by auction sites Ebay, Craigslist and Amazon, online retail stores have become a hit most especially to the working class. Most people of today are so busy with school, work and various other activities that the once enjoyable weekly shopping sprees have become a hassling monthly activity. People simply don't have that much time anymore.
Fortunately, with the help of social networking sites, e-commerce has managed to leap on top. From clothes, gadgetries, to furniture pieces - all can be bought just with a few mouse clicks. People are simply drawn into the concept of shopping within the comforts of their home.
2. Translation Services
The demand for translation services is continuously growing over time as well. This can be accounted to the fact that a lot of countries are now employing a global approach for more opportunities. Businesses, most specifically, would want to expand in other countries, so they will need translators for their marketing materials or websites.
Relatively, ESL (English as a Second Language) lessons are being sought out by non-English speaking individuals. These are most popular among students who are looking into studying in other countries.
3. Blogging and SEO Writing
Bloggers typically make money by posting updates or writing on their websites or blogs. Topics may be as wide-range as product reviews, service advertisements and how-to's. Revenues will come through advertisements put on the site. Other bloggers make money through affiliate banners.
There also rests a lot of opportunities in SEO writing. With the growing popularity of the internet, businesses are starting to invest in online advertising, demanding short, content-light and keyword-rich articles that rank them high in search engines. SEO writing is perfect for beginning writers since speed, and not the skill, is considered of more essence.
4. Online Travel Agencies
Online travel agencies work differently than the traditional agencies operating in office settings. While traditional agencies rely on agents for great deals matching client requirements, online agencies count on automated searches for possible deals.
There are two advantages that set online agencies apart from the traditional types. One is efficiency. Clients are now able to book for trips without leaving their homes. The other is immediate access. Travelers need not wait too long for searches or hotel confirmations anymore. Booking trips has now been made easier, needing just several mouse clicks.
5. IT Security Consulting
The field of IT Security gets the most attention when huge companies such as The New York Times become victims of hacking. It's not easy becoming an IT security consultant since expert skills is required, but the work is guaranteed to be rewarding.
More opportunities are also at bay with the increased popularity of web businesses and need for consumer protection over the internet. The industry is currently growing by a margin of 10% annually and is projected to grow 8.8% in sales throughout 2013.
6. Social Network Game Development
A lot of young teens now spend most of their time on social media. With the rapid adaptation of devices like tablets and smartphones, it is expected that more will be increasing the hours they spend on the internet. Playing games sits on top of what these young consumers do on the internet.
Games such as the Simms, Farmville, Pet Society and Cityville are among the few most popular social media games. They are part of what brought the industry to an astonishing annual growth of 184% for the past 5 years. At this year's end, sales are projected to hit $6 billion, growing another 32%.
Whichever business opportunity you take on, it is not unlikely for you to get roped into something that leaves minimum profit but maximum hassle. Reality is, there are numerous shady characters lurking on the internet who don't want to help you succeed, but just want their money. So always be careful with the types of ventures you decide to take.
Brian Blogs is a part time internet marketer, in a first class work from home program. He invites you to visit his website for free video and audio training on building a very affordable home business, at your own pace. For more inside information, go below for details…. nhttp://www.empowernetwork.com/truestory3.php?id=srecuocs01
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1: Article Marketing Strategy: Putting Together a "Class Schedule" For Your Article Topics
Businesses go to so much trouble when there is one sure-fire, simple, very inexpensive way to attract new clients to a business: Teach a free class. That is what article marketing is like. Your articles are just like free classes. You teach your target readers something helpful in your article. Your resource box then says, "If you enjoyed this article you can visit my website and apply what you have learned."
2: Why You Need To Build Multiple Streams of Income For Yourself
Being an entrepreneur and earning multiple streams of income is a dream that many have, but in reality it does take some initial hard work to achieve this. Earning multiple streams of income is the wave of the future, and here are some tips and advice for you when you are looking for ways in which to do this for yourself.
3: Understanding Online Business Success
Starting a home based business to earn income online takes a significant amount of time and energy upfront to get things going. Not seeing results immediately can be discouraging and cause people to give up too early. In this article, we look at the process of starting a home based business and working through the frustrations to be there when the sales come flowing in.
4: What is Cyber Marketing And Why It Is So Important For The Success Of Your Website
Cyber marketing has now become an indispensable segment of e-commerce as well as the internet and World Wide Web related topics. Cyber marketing simply refers to a technique of attracting potential customers by advertising your products or services through such means as websites, emails, and banners.
5: Simple Article Writing: 5 Steps For Beginners Who Are Learning To Write Articles (Try This!)
When you look at an article, you may say, "That article looks great, but I have no idea how I would produce something that good." In this article I am going to help you break your article creation process down into "blocks"--smaller bits of information that when assembled together will form a top quality article submission.
Now to be fair, this isn't a comprehensive map that indexes what kind of phone everybody uses for everything. Instead, Tom MacWright and data artist Eric Fischer used geotagged data from people posting to Twitter and threw it into MapBox for a visualization. The result is that you'll only see Twitter users, but it's still a pretty representative (and huge) sample. After de-duplicating some 2.8 billion overlapping data-points, they still had 280 million unique locations to work from.
You can take an in-depth tour on your own, but at a glance you'll notice that iPhone users generally have urban centers on lock?in the United States anyway. Meanwhile, Androids are more common in the suburbs. And every so often, you'll spot a pocket of wild Blackberries, like in midtown Manhattan, or Washington DC.
Outside the United States things get really interesting. For instance, in Spain there's hardly an iPhone at all, and Jakarta is Blackberry heaven. So poke around a little bit and see if there's any hidden curiosities you can find. Are you living in enemy territory? Better find out for sure. [MapBox via The Atlantic Cities]
Rachel Uchitel, the woman that was at the center of the Tiger Woods cheating scandal, has split from her husband of less than two years. Matt Hahn has cited “cruel and inhumane treatment” in the divorce papers he filed yesterday. Hahn also wants custody of their 1-year-old daughter along with child support and spousal support. ...